Expansible chamber engine having a reciprocating piston cylinder and a reciprocatingpiston in such cylinder



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sept- 25, 1951 J. DEMATTEIS EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER ENGINE HAVING A RECIPROCATING FIS CYLINDER AND A RECIPROCATING PIsToN IN sucH CYLINDER Filed May 7, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet l @mmf I om I ,www @SI I RMN SLI o o W m 0 IlfI III IIIII I I I l I .|I QW 8%N Nw, mm SI @I um NN NN, O O. m I I I l |.II II, HHIIIIIIIII I mN I ill I IF W SWNI @VN II D WMM I II I IIlIlIIIIII I MII IIII I l.l.|wlw\ .Il IOWI/ IIN I I NNI QWN mm, WMI

y llulian Dema'eis mmf Sept. 25, 1951 1, DEMATTEls 2,569,293

EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER ENGINE HAVING A RECIPROCATING PISTON CYLINDER AND A RECIPROCATING PISTON IN SUCH CYLINDER Filed May 7, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 lful ian ema''ez's Sept. 25, 1951 1 DEMATTE|5 2,569,293

EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER ENGINE HAVING A RECIPROCATING PISTON CYLINDER AND A RECIPROCATING PISTON IN SUCH CYLINDER Filed May 7, 1947 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 4Z 5-'af ff l INVENTOR.

fixed on the shaft a pulley 38 for a V-belt. or other means, for transmitting power to the machine to be driven.

On the opposite end of the crank shaft 3I is shown an eccentric disk 39 engaged in the eccentric strap 45a., secured to an end of a cam link 40. The inner end of link 40 is mounted to oscillate on a spindle 4I, which is guided .in .asuitable bearing 6I in the end wall of a steam chest 44,

to reciprocate two slide valves 42 and 43, one for`v each piston, such slide valves being located in the steam chest. l

A steam port 5U is slanted inwardly at the front end of the hollow piston I2 through the half round longitudinally extending ridge portion 5I forming a part of the hollow piston -I2 and a similar port 50a oppositely inclined is furnished at the other end of the hollow piston I2. The casing I has a channel Ib longitudinally in its inner wall into whichv the side of the steel lining extends and receives the ridge I, and the ports 50 .and 50d-V extend through the sleeve lining, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 3. From each lof the ports 50, 50a is shown an exhaust passage or groove 52, which extends longitudinally along the outer surface of the ridge portion 5I of the hollow piston I2, to each side of a dividing lug 53 which is provided with packings l2c. Corresponding inlet and outlet ports 54, 54a, and 55, 55a areprovided. These ports are located substantially symmetrically relative to the ends of -inlet 45, proceeds through the alined ports 55 and 5! into the narrow space between the piston jheads II and I2 at the beginning of astroke,

thereby forcing them apart, piston II to the left Yand pistonfiIZ to the right. The port 450a and passage 52 are, as shown, in communication through port 54, with outlet port 54a.

Beneath the lsteam chest 44 is a steam exhaust 4box-or chamber 41a which is divided from the steam chest by the horizontal wall 41h. This .chamber V41a has the steam outlet 41 as shown in Figure 3. v. The wall 41h is provided with two elongated, longitudinally extending ports 54h with which the exhaust ports 54a of the two valve members ,43 are in communication as shown in Figure 8. Accordingly it will be seen that when the valves Aare in the position shown in Figure 1 the outlet port 54a of the valve 42 will establish an escape Apassage for the exhaust port 50a leading to the chamber 41a kand the outlet 41. Y

As the cylinder I2 moves forwardly and the :piston I I moves rearwardly reducing the area between the piston I Iand the end wall I8, the fluid within this area will pass out through the chamber. 41a and port 4 1, y

At the end of the instroke, by which is meant the stroke in which piston I2 moves into the end `of cylinder I remote from the crank shaft 3|, conditions will lbe reversed, so that steam pres- -sure will then -act against adjacent inner surfaces of the two pistons, namely forwardly against piston head II and rearwardly against the piston plug I8.

Figure 7 is a side elevation of the outer housing, vwith an oil cup 51, a removable cap 58, and secured on a lug 59 with countersunk heads inside and hexagonal nuts outside. Figure 8 shows the valve blocks with port holes and oblong outlets.

A packing for the valve rod 4I is also provided with conventional steam packing 6I similar to packing Ic as used for piston rod I Ia.

Each of the ports 5 and 50a and the channel 52 associated with each,-is encircled by a packing material I2c which is embedded in the face of the rib 5I as shown in Figure 9. The adjacent ends of the channels 52 are spaced apart a sumcient distance to provide the intermediate face area53 within which a portion of each of the packing rings is embedded as is also shown in Figure 9.

With some slight modifications this engine constructionmay be used for locomotive and other engines.

This double acting steam engine has several points of merit over other such engines, of which the following are worth mentioning. l 4The now prevailing construction for such engine is the provision of only one pair of bearings for the crank shaft, between which two or three rod heads of connectingrods are carried from the pistons. Such construction does not hold up at the. bearing points, but causes crystallization of the crank shaft and excessive wear on thebearings, whenrunning at high speed, a very bad feature.

Inmy construction on the other hand a special bearing is provided between each crank, there by preventing wear on shaft and bearing.

-Another point of advantage in my machine consists inthe perfect lubrication from the outside of thehollow piston, which requires a considerably smaller amount of oil, for one double ringed inner piston thus being more economical to operate.V All other steam engines have sev# eral ringed piston heads, requiringfully twice the amount of steam oil, and causing extra wear on the chamber lining.

My construction provides a long, combined stroke betweenv the `oppositely running piston heads and a short stroke on the crank shaft, giving added power.A

Another advantage, as a consequence of one piston working within the other, is the shortening of the over all length of the engine, requiring less floorspace as well as saving in weight and material. l.

Still another alvantage, due to the shorter stroke and compactness of -the engine, as compared with other engines of the same horse power, that it gives no vibration at high speed, from a high pressure boiler. In otherwords, this is an ideal power unit for driving electric generators in powerfplants. v, Y f

It is to be understood that the invention as herein disclosed may be varied from the. details described and shown without departure from the spirit of the subjoined claims.

Y I claim: Y

l. An expansiblechamber engine, comprising a cylindrical casing having a longitudinal chan'- nel in the inner wall, said wall further having a guide slot longitudinally therein, a 'piston cylinder mounted in the casing for reciprocation, a lug carried by the cylinder and extending 'through and slidably engaging in said slot, la rib formed longitudinally of the outer side of the piston cylinder and slidably engaging in said channel, the'piston cylinder having closing end walls and a side wall porti adjacent to each end wall and extending through said rib, a steam chest. a pair ofports leading therefrom into said channel,

Said cylinder ports being in communication at all times with the last named ports, an exhaust means, a piston in the piston cylinder, a piston rod connected with the piston and slidably extending through an end wall of the piston cylinder and beyond an end of the casing, a piston rod coupled at one end with said lug, a crank shaft having said piston rods in operative connection therewith, valve elements adjacent to the said last mentioned ports and adapted to alternately establish communication between the steam chest and one of the piston cylinder ports and between the other one of the piston cylinder ports and the exhaust means, and means for actuating the valve elements in synchronism with the movements of the piston and cylinder.

2. An expansible chamber engine, comprising a cylindrical casing having a longitudinal channel in the innerl wall, said wall further having a guide slot longitudinally therein, a piston cylinder mounted in the casing for reciprocation, a lug carried by the cylinder and extending through `and having sliding engagement in said slot. a

rib formed upon and longitudinally of the outer side of the piston cylinder and slidably engaging in said channel, the cylinder having closing end walls and a side wall port adjacent to each end Wall and extending through said rib, said rib further having in the outer side thereof two longitudinally extending grooves each leading from a port toward and terminating short of the transverse center ofthe cylinder, a sealing means embedded in said rib and encircling each port and the groove with which the port communicates. said sealing means contacting the surface 6 of the channel in which the rib lies, a steam chest, a pair of ports leading therefrom into said channel, each of the ports leading from the steam chest being at all times in communication with a cylinder port by way of a groove, an exhaust means, a piston in the piston cylinder, a piston rod connected with the piston and slidably extended through one end wall of the cylinder and an end of the casing, a piston rod connected at one end with said lug, a crank shaft having said rods in operative connection therewith, a pair of slidably supported valve elements in the steam chest and each having a passage which is at all times in communication with said exhaust means, one valve element having its passage in communication with a groove when the other V valve element is in a position to uncover an adjacent steam chest port, and means for actuating the valve elements in synchronism with the piston and cylinder movements.

JULIAN DEMATTEIS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 383,614 Y Bowen May 29, 1888 889,991 Towle June 9, 1908 944,035 Hamilton Dec. 21.' 1909 1,088,156 Luginbrehl Feb. 24, 1914 1,132,782 Y Luginbuhl Mar. 23. 1915 1,739,024 Wygodsky Dec. 10, 1929 

